Anggrek Cane (Anggrek Tebu )

Aggrek cane (Grammatophyllum speciosum) is the largest orchid, the largest and most severe among other types of orchids. In a grove of mature, cane orchids can weigh more than 1 ton and have panicles of up to 3 meters long with a diameter of about 1.5-2 cm panicles. That is why the plant is worthy of the title as the largest and heaviest orchids or giant orchid.

Orchid cane is often referred to as tiger orchid (although ambiguous Grammatophyllum Scriptum who have similar names), tiger orchids and orchid queen. In English known as Sugar Cane Orchid, Giant Orchid, or Queen of the Orchids. In Latin (scientific name) cane orchid called Grammatophyllum speciosum synonymous with Grammatophyllum cominsii (Rolfe 1891), G. fastuosum (Lindl. & Paxton Paxton 1851 & 1851), G. giganteum (Rchb ex Blume. 1877), G. macranthum (Rchb. 1862), G. pantherinum (Rchb. 1878), G. pantherinum (Rchb.f 1878), G. papuanum (JJ Sm.), G. sanderianum (hort. 1893), G. wallisii (Rchb. 1877), Pattonia macrantha (Wight 1852).

Characteristic features. Sugarcane is the main characteristic orchid large size. Malai can grow to a height of 2.5 - 3 meters with a diameter of about 1.5-2 cm. In each panicle can have dozens, even a hundred flowers are still one of about 10 cm in diameter flowers. This figure is similar to the stalks of sugar cane because it was then the orchid is known as cane orchids.

The orchid cane (Grammatophyllum speciosum) is yellow with brown spots, red or blackish. The orchid cane durable and not easily wither. Although it has been cut from a giant flower stalks are super big and heavy is able to survive two months.

Distribution and Conservation. Orchid plant cane spread naturally from Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and New Guinea. In Indonesia cane orchids scattered ulai of the island of Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, to Papua.

Orchid plant sugarcane (Grammatophyllum speciosum) grows on the sidelines or at the base of large trees in the lowland tropical. Cane orchids need direct sunlight.

The uniqueness and rarity of the largest and heaviest orchid plant makes orchid cane became one orchid is protected in Indonesia.

Among buddy, especially lovers of orchids, there has been cultivating sugarcane types of orchids this?

Scientific classification: Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Liliopsida Order: Asparagales Family: Orchidaceae Subfamily: Tribe epidendroideae: Cymbidieae Genus: Grammatophyllum Species: Grammatophyllum speciosum.

Binomial name: Grammatophyllum speciosum (Blume 1825). Indonesia Name: Orchid cane

Reference: orchids.wikia.com; anggrek.org (picture

Nepenthes

The genus Nepenthes (Nepenthes, English: Tropical pitcher plant), which is included in the familia monotipik, consisting of 130 species and hybrids do not include natural and artificial. This genus is a carnivorous plant in the Old World tropics, now includes the state of Indonesia, the People's Republic of southern China, Indochina, Malaysia, the Philippines, Madagascar west, Seychelles, New Caledonia, India, Sri Lanka, and Australia. Habitat with the largest species is on the island of Borneo and Sumatra.

This plant can reach a height of 15-20 m by climbing other plants, although there are some species that are not climbing. At the ends of leaf tendrils are modified to form a pocket, which is a tool trap used to eat the prey (eg insects, leeches, frogs child) which entered into.

In general, Nepenthes has three kinds of bags, the bag top, bottom bags, and bags rosette. Pockets above are pockets of mature plants, usually funnel-shaped or cylindrical, do not have wings, does not have an attractive color, part tendrils rear-facing and can be wrapped around the branches of other plants, pockets on more often to catch animals that fly like mosquitoes or flies, bags this type rarely even found in some species, such as N. ampullaria. Bag bottom is a bag that is generated on the part of young plants usually tergelatak on the ground, has two wings that serve as a tool for soil insects like ants to climb up the mouth of the bag and finally plunged into liquid berenzim inside, while pouch rosette, have a shape the same as under the bag, but the bag rosette grows on the leaf rosette, examples of species that have this type of bag is ampullaria N. and N. gracilis. Some plants are sometimes issued a middle bag shaped like a mix bag bottom and top bag.

This plant has a very broad dissemination of the coast to the highlands, for this Nepenthes are divided into two types, namely the type of highland and lowland types, although most species grow in the highlands. Species recorded grows at highest altitudes is N. lamii that is at an altitude of 3,520 m.

Most species grow in places with high humidity and light with a medium to high level. Some species such as N. ampullaria grow in the shade with not too much light, while N. mirabilis grows place open with abundant light. Soil place to grow Nepenthes are usually poor in nutrients and acid. Some species grow in places that are highly toxic to other plants such as N. rajah growing on soils with heavy metals and N. albomarginata that grow on the sandy beach in the zones affected by the spray of the sea, some species grow as epiphytes growing N. inermis without contact with the ground.

Sandalwood Tree

Sandalwood (Santalum album) or often called sandalwood fragrance is producing trees sandalwood oil and sandalwood.

In the archipelago, the type is also known by various names, among others: Candana (Minangkabau) Tindana, Sindana (Dayak), Candana (Sunda), Candana, Candani (Java), Candhana, Candhana lakek (Madura), Candana (BeIitung), Ai nitu, Dana (Sumbawa), Wood ata (FIores), Sundana (Sangir), Sondana (North Sulawesi), Ayu luhi (Gorontalo), Candana (Makassar), Ai nituk (Bread), Hau meni, Ai kamelin (East), Kamenir (Wetar) and Maoni (Blend).

Parasite

At the beginning of life, this plant is a parasite. For Cendana pengecambahannya process requires the host tree to support growth.

This is because the root system is not able to support Cendana own life. This makes this type is difficult to be cultivated.

Plants that are usually used as host by sandalwood include Acacia, Albasia, Dalbergia, Inga, Pongamia and Reed.

Spreading Sandalwood Tree

Sandalwood is found growing in Indonesia, especially on the island of Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara. If the terms of the Dutch language (sandelhout) and English (sandalwood), this tree is believed to have descended from the region there.

It can be known from the nickname of Sumba Island, the Sandalwood Island. This nickname was brought hereditary since the Dutch colonial era to the present.

Since the fifteenth century, sandalwood tree is the main attraction for Europeans to get it. Therefore, the type of tree it was assigned as the identity of the flora of East Nusa Tenggara province.

Sandalwood whose quality is considered the most good is derived from Mysoram areas in South India. In Indonesia, sandalwood from Timor also appreciated quite expensive.

But now, sandalwood fragrance is very rare, so the price is more expensive. Instead, use jenggi sandalwood (Santalum spicatum).

Although they contain different concentrations of chemicals and therefore also different levels of fragrance.
The characteristics of Sandalwood Tree

Sandalwood grows well in areas that have obvious differences in climate between the dry and rainy seasons. It can be grown in the plains to a height of 1,500 meters above sea level. Cendana also often found in the area full of rocks or volcanic rocks that continue the flow of water.

Cendana including family Santalaceae of the order Loranthaceae. It can grow to a height of 11-15 meters, with a trunk diameter of 25-30 cm.

Sandalwood has a round rod and colored started grayish brown to red brown. Branch began to grow on the bottom half of the tree.

Primary branches of this type are very irregular, often bent and have many branches. Dahan bottom tend to grow hanging.

The leaves are opposite each elliptical to oblong (oval) with two pointed ends.

There are two type

There are two types of Cendana, the Cendana Red and White Sandalwood.

Red sandalwood grows in areas Funan and India, while the White sandalwood grows in East Nusa Tenggara, among others, on the island of Flores, Alor, Sumba, Solor, Adonara, Lomblen, Pantar, Timor, Rote and Sabu.

In terms of quality, both are the same. Red sandalwood is comparatively less fragrant and the quality is not good, so it was not too sold traded.

utilization Cendana

The sweet smell of sandalwood typical derived from wood. Therefore, the timber often used for spices, ingredients incense, aromatherapy, perfume mixtures, as well as the keris's sheath.

Sandalwood is also widely used as building materials, furniture, craft or crafts, works of art, to the rosary.

Beyond these things, there is still a sandalwood tree benefits, particularly for health. It is useful for therapeutic ingredients of herbal medicine.

The part that is usually used drug is wood, leather and sandalwood oil